Wudhu is nullified by passing urine, feces, or flatus; ejaculation; urethral discharge; prostatic discharge; menstruation; deep sleep; vomiting; and touching the external genitals.

Wudhu is not nullified by medical treatment involving bleeding; touching a woman with no sexual desire or intentions; bleeding from a fresh wound; inter-menstrual bleeding; and kissing.

PRAYER (SALAT)

The patient may have the following physical handicaps: inability to face the direction of Makka (kiblat), inability to stand, inability to sit, inability to read, inability to bow, and inability to prostrate.

The following are solution alternatives: make-up the prayer later; resting for moments in a sitting position to regain energy for the next movement; praying in a sitting position; praying while sitting down and cross-legged; praying while lying down on one side of the body; resting on a stuff in prayer; praying by gesturing with one part of the body e.g. finger; and finally praying in the mind with no motions.

Women are excused from prayer during the period of menstruation because of the associated physiological stress. They do not have to make up lost prayers.

Prayer can be interrupted for an urgent need that could be medical or otherwise.

PILGRIMAGE (HAJJ)

The physically disabled can circumbulate the ka’aba riding on a vehicle or being carried by another person.

The very old and those with debilitating chronic diseases can ask another person to perform pilgrimage on their behalf.

 In case of a fracture, pilgrimage is stopped and is repeated the next year.